Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Helicopter Emergency Medical Service on-scene time and trauma patient mortality.
- Figure 2
Helicopter dispatch time and trauma patient mortality.
Tables
- Table 1
Demographics and clinical characteristics of trauma patients
% (n) Mean Range SD Age (years) 40.8 18–91 17.6 Gender (male) 73.3% (210) GCS 11.7 3–15 5.1 LOS (days) 7.8 1–56 8.6 ISS 14.8 1–75 11.9 Total blunt trauma 91.6% (264) Total penetrating trauma 8.3% (24) Mortality 7.64% (22) Total dispatch to scene time (min) 19 0–207 12 Total scene time (min) 43 0–61 29 Total transport to hospital time (min) 58 1–180 40 *There was a strong positive linear correlation between HEMS on-scene time and mortality (R=0.962, p=0.038) (table 2 and figure 1). Additionally, a trend of higher mortality rates was also seen with longer dispatch times, however was not found to be statistically significant (table 3 and figure 2). Trauma patients with on-scene time lasting between 0 and 10 min had a lower mortality rate (3.9%) than patients with longer on-scene times. Patients with on-scene times lasting 31–59 min (9.8%) had the highest mortality. Overall, trauma patients with dispatch and on-scene times >10 min had higher mortality.
GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS, Injury Severity Score; LOS, hospital length of stay.
- Table 2
Helicopter Emergency Medical Service on-scene time and trauma patient mortality.
On-scene time (min) Alive Dead Total % Dead p Value 0–10 73 3 76 3.90 11–20 113 6 119 5.00 0.04, R=0.962 21–30 40 4 44 9.00 31–59 46 5 51 9.80 *Pearson’s correlation.
- Table 3
Helicopter dispatch time and trauma patient mortality.
Dispatch time (min) Alive Dead Total % Dead p Value 0–10 42 0 42 0.00 11–20 70 6 76 7.90 21–30 72 6 78 7.70 0.109* 31–59 78 4 82 4.90 60+ 8 2 10 20.00 *Pearson’s correlation.
- Table 4
Baseline characteristics of on-scene time cohorts.
Time cohort % (n) Mean SD 0–10 min Age (years) 42.57 19.44 GCS 13.85 3.28 LOS (days) 6.13 6.16 ISS 9.97 8.68 Mortality 3.90% (3) 11–20 min Age (years) 38.8 17.19 GCS 12.52 4.7 LOS (days) 6.77 8.86 ISS 13.65 13.46 Mortality 5.00% (6) 21–30 min Age (years) 37.48 13.8 GCS 10.39 5.53 LOS (days) 9.55 9.45 ISS 15.95 10.76 Mortality 9.00% (4) 31–59 min Age (years) 39.52 15.16 GCS 8.79 5.88 LOS (days) 8.25 8.1 ISS 16.54 11.04 Mortality 9.80% (5) GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS, Injury Severity Score; LOS, hospitallength of stay.
