Extracorporeal life support in pediatric trauma: a systematic review

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Figure 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) diagram.

Table 1

Study quality

Table 2

Characteristics of studies reporting on pediatric ECMO in trauma

Author (year)	Center, country	Study design	Study period	Size (n)	ECMO type
Watson et al (2017)5	Duke, USA	Retrospective cohort	2007–2011	36	NA
Skarda et al (2012)1	University of Utah, USA	Case series	2010–2012	3	2 VA, 1 VV
Fortenberry et al (2003)8	Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, USA	Case series	1991–2001	5	1 VA, 4 VV
Steiner et al (1991)4	Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, Medical College of Virginia, University of Chicago, USA	Case series	NA	14	14 VA

ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; NA, not available; VA, venoarterial; VV, veno-venous.

Table 3

Patient characteristics and outcomes of included studies

Author (year)	Age (years)	Injury type, n (%)			Surgery on ECMO	ECMO center	Days to cannulation	Indication for cannulation	Survival, n (%)
Author (year)	Age (years)	Blunt	Penetrating	Drowning	Surgery on ECMO	ECMO center	Days to cannulation	Indication for cannulation	Survival, n (%)
Watson et al (2017)5	<1–18	16 (44)	6 (17)	4 (11)	NA	Adult/pediatric	NA	NA	21 (58)
Skarda et al (2012)1	8–17	2 (66)	1 (33)	–	ICP monitor, ORIF	Pediatric	<1–21	ARDS, n=2 Cardiovascular collapse, n=1	3 (100)
Fortenberry et al (2003)8	1–18	5 (100)	–	–	No, prior	Pediatric	2–10	ARDS, n=4 Cardiovascular collapse, n=1	4 (80)
Steiner et al (1991)4	NA	6 (43)	–	8 (57)	No, prior	Pediatric	NA	ARDS, n=14 Cardiovascular collapse, n=0	7 (50)

ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICP, intracranial pressure; NA, not available; ORIF, open reduction internal fixation.