Article Figures & Data
- Table 1
Patient characteristics (n=99)
Patient characteristics Whole group (n=99) Patients without diagnosis of delirium (n=76) Patients with delirium (n=23) P value Age (years), mean (SD) 79.2 (7.9) 77.7 (0.8) 84.0 (1.7) <0.001 Female sex, n (%) 50 (51.5) 40 (52.6) 10 (43.5) 0.48 ISS, median (IQR) 9 (4–14) 9 (4–14) 9 (4.5–10) 0.93 Primary injury, n (%) Rib fracture 29 (29) 22 (29) 7 (30) 0.68 Other fracture 22 (22) 16 (21) 6 (26) Head injury 21 (21) 16 (21) 5 (22) Other traumatic injury 18 (18) 16 (21) 2 (9) No injury* 9 (9) 6 (8) 3 (13) From RACF (nursing home), n (%) 14 (14) 9 (12) 5 (22) 0.30 Baseline frailty CFS, median (IQR) 4 (3–6) 3 (3–5) 6 (5–6) <0.001 Proportion frail†, n (%) 44 (45) 25 (33) 19 (83) <0.001 History of dementia‡ 16 (16) 5 (7) 11 (48) <0.001 Outcomes LOS Median (IQR) 6 (2–16) 4 (1–10.5) 17 (6–27) <0.001 Long LOS§, n (%) 25 (25.25) 13 (17.1) 12 (52.2) 0.001 Selected complications, n (%) Any complication 29 (29) 19 (25) 10 (44) 0.09 Cardiovascular 16 (16) 10 (13) 6 (26) 0.14 Respiratory 9 (9) 5 (7) 4 (17) 0.11 Venous thromboembolism 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.0 Pressure injury 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.0 Deconditioning 5 (5) 2 (3) 3 (13) 0.08 In-hospital death 9 (9) 6 (8) 3 (13) 0.43 *These patients presented with suspected traumatic injury, for example, due to the mechanism of (potential) injury, or fall with loss of consciousness or similar, but were subsequently determined to have an ISS score of 0.
†Frail defined as CFS ≥5.
‡Among the 16 patients identified as having a history of dementia, the subtype was unspecified in 9/16, Alzheimer’s in 2/16, vascular in 3/16 and one patient had mixed dementia.
§Long LOS defined as highest quartile, ≥16 days.
CFS, Clinical Frailty Score; ISS, Injury Severity Score; LOS, loss of consciousness; RACF, residential aged care facility.
- Table 2
Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with long LOS (highest quartile, ≥16 days)
Variable OR for long LOS 95% CI P value Delirium 4.81 1.59 to 14.47 0.005 Any (non-delirium) complication* 5.96 2.09 to 16.97 0.001 Frailty was included in an earlier multivariable analysis (as was not strongly associated with delirium (correlation coefficient 0.44), as per the a priori statistical plan, but excluded from the final model as it did not meet statistical significance.
*From selected in-hospital complications (see text).
LOS, length of stay.
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