Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Patients per day presenting to six US level 1 trauma hospitals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. SDO, social distancing order.
- Figure 2
Changes in weekly proportions of age strata among patients presenting to six US level 1 trauma hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020.
- Figure 3
Changes in weekly proportions of injury mechanisms among patients presenting to six U S level 1 trauma hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020.
- Figure 4
Changes in weekly proportions of ISS score ranges among patients at six US level 1 trauma hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. ISS, injury severity scale.
- Figure 5
Changes in weekly proportions of trauma activation levels among patients presenting to six US level 1 trauma hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020.
- Figure 6
Changes in weekly proportions of interhospital transfer patients presenting to six US level 1 trauma hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020.
- Figure 7
Changes in weekly in-hospital mortality rates at six US level 1 trauma hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020.
Tables
- Table 1
Comparisons of patients presenting to six level 1 trauma hospitals during various prepandemic (2019) and midpandemic (2020) time periods
Time period Period 1 Period 1b Period 2 Period 3 Year 2019 2019 2020 2020 Dates January 1–December 31 March 16–June 30 January 1–March 15 March 16–June 30 Total patients 12 797 3707 2488 3282 Average patients per day across all six sites 35.1 (6.8)*** 34.6 (6.8)** 33.2 (7.0) 30.7 (8.4) Age ≥65 years, % (n) 42.9 (5496) 41.4 (1536) 44.8 (1114)* 40.9 (1341) Female, % (n) 42.9 (5487) 41.9 (1553) 44.4 (1104) 41.2 (1351) Race, % (n) White 76.5 (9796) 75.6 (2803) 76.2 (1895) 74.8 (2454) Black 10.1 (1287) 10.5 (390) 9.5 (237) 10.4 (342) Asian 1.6 (202) 1.5 (56) 1.7 (41) 1.6 (53) American Indian 0.7 (88) 0.7 (27) 1.0 (25) 0.8 (27) Native Hawaiian 1.0 (131) 1.1 (39) 1.4 (35) 1.7 (55) Other/unknown/undocumented 10.1 (1293) 10.6 (392) 10.3 (255) 10.7 (351) Injury type, % (n) *** * * Blunt 89.6 (11 461) 89.4 (3 314) 89.7 (2 232) 87.1 (2,857) Penetrating 6.9 (884) 7.3 (269) 6.7 (168) 9.4 (308) Other/undocumented 3.5 (452) 3.4 (124) 3.5 (88) 3.6 (117) Injury severity, % (n) * ISS ≤15 83.1 (10 637) 82.5 (3057) 85.2 (2119) 81.8 (2685) ISS 16–24 9.8 (1253) 10.5 (391) 9.0 (223) 10.5 (343) ISS ≥25 7.1 (907) 7.0 (259) 5.9 (146) 7.7 (254) Level of trauma team activation, % (n) *** *** *** Full/requires immediate response 15.1 (1936) 16.1 (597) 13.7 (340) 16.4 (538) Partial/requires non-immediate response 29.3 (3746) 31.0 (1149) 26.3 (655) 27.9 (915) Consult/requires eventual response 8.3 (1064) 8.1 (301) 16.2 (404) 18.3 (600) None/no trauma surgeon required 34.9 (4460) 32.3 (1197) 30.9 (769) 24.8 (814) Other/unlisted 12.4 (1591) 12.5 (463) 12.9 (320) 12.6 (415) Interhospital transfers, % (n) 33.3 (4258) 33.3 (1236) 36.7 (912)*** 31.6 (1036) ED discharge disposition, % (n) * Died 0.5 (69) 0.5 (18) 0.4 (10) 0.7 (24) ICU 24.9 (3180) 25.9 (959) 24.1 (599) 24.0 (787) OR/IR 8.1 (1033) 8.9 (330) 7.8 (193) 9.2 (303) Floor/stepdown/observation 52.1 (6671) 49.9 (1849) 53.9 (1341) 52.2 (1714) Left hospital (transfer/home) 10.1 (1292) 10.8 (399) 10.0 (248) 10.8 (355) Other/undocumented 4.3 (552) 4.1 (152) 3.9 (97) 3.0 (99) In-hospital mortality, % (n) 3.3 (421)*** 3.2 (119)** 3.3 (82)* 4.2 (137) HLOS, median (IQR), days 3.0 (1.6–6.0)*** 3.0 (1.0–5.9) 3.0 (1.7–6.0) 3.0 (1.0–5.0) ICULOS, median (IQR), days 0.0 (0.0–2.0) 0.0 (0.0–2.0) 0.0 (0.0–2.0) 0.0 (0.0–2.0) Level of statistically significant difference from period 3: *p<0.01; **p<0.001; ***p<0.0001. Combining percents may not equal 100% due to rounding.
d, days; ED, emergency department; HLOS, hospital length of stay; ICULOS, intensive care unit length of stay; IR, interventional radiology; ISS, injury severity scale; OR, operating room.
