Baseline characteristics
| CPAP (n=67) | T-piece/O2 cannula (n=78) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean±SD) | 41±15 | 41±18 | 0.81 |
| Male gender | 49 (73%) | 53 (68%) | 0.50 |
| Mechanism | |||
| Penetrating trauma | 13 (19%) | 16 (21%) | 0.87 |
| Blunt trauma | 25 (37%) | 22 (28%) | 0.24 |
| Stroke | 21 (31%) | 32 (41%) | 0.23 |
| Anoxia | 6 (9%) | 8 (10%) | 0.79 |
| Other | 2 (3%) | 0 | 0.21 |
| Smoking history | |||
| Yes | 7 (10%) | 6 (8%) | 0.92 |
| No | 20 (30%) | 16 (20%) | (for known |
| Unknown | 40 (60%) | 56 (72%) | history) |
| Pulmonary contusion | 14 (21%) | 6 (8%) | 0.022 |
| Rib fractures | 6 (9%) | 3 (4%) | 0.30 |
| Clinical pneumonia | 8 (12%) | 5 (6%) | 0.25 |
| Respiratory cultures | |||
| Negative | 26 (39%) | 28 (36%) | 0.72 |
| Community-acquired* | 20 (30%) | 21 (27%) | 0.70 |
| Hospital-acquired† | 10 (15%) | 10 (13%) | 0.71 |
| Not done | 11 (16%) | 19 (24%) | 0.24 |
| Antibiotics | |||
| None | 50 (75%) | 55 (71%) | 0.58 |
| Narrow spectrum | 5 (7%) | 4 (5%) | 0.73 |
| Broad spectrum | 12 (18%) | 19 (24%) | 0.35 |
| Clinician performing test | |||
| Surgical | 35 (52%) | 41 (53%) | 0.97 |
| Medical | 30 (45%) | 34 (44%) | 0.89 |
| Neurosurgical | 2 (3%) | 3 (4%) | 0.78 |
| Days postadmit (mean) | 2.9±2.8 | 2.7±2.5 | 0.47 |
| Donor management with APRV (% of authorized donors) | 11 (23%) | 3 (5%) | 0.009 |
*Organisms susceptible to narrow-spectrum antibiotics and usually acquired outside of a healthcare facility.
†Organisms resistant to narrow-spectrum antibiotics and usually acquired in a healthcare facility.
APRV, airway pressure release ventilation; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure.