Demographics information and injury characteristics of patients who survived or died
| Characteristics | Survived (n=213) | Died (n=2016) | P values |
| Age, years (mean±SD) | 33.7±12.8 | 37.4±17.1 | 0.002 |
| M | 81.7 (174) | 81.2 (1637) | 0.144 |
| Race, % (n) | |||
| White | 40.4 (86) | 42.5 (857) | 0.169 |
| African-American | 34.7 (74) | 36.5 (736) | |
| Others | 24.8 (53) | 20.9 (423) | |
| Hispanics | 16.4 (35) | 13.1 (265) | 0.18 |
| Vital parameters | |||
| EMS | |||
| SBP, mm Hg (mean±SD) | 71.3±55.9 | 60.8±59.6 | 0.015 |
| Heart rate, bpm (mean±SD) | 78.5±55.9 | 73.1±57.1 | 0.18 |
| Pulse <60 bpm, % (n) | 33.3 (71) | 38.1 (769) | 0.19 |
| ED | |||
| SBP, mm Hg (mean±SD) | 83.2±52 | 72.4±58 | 0.01 |
| Heart rate, bpm (mean±SD) | 101.79±46.8 | 82.3±54.7 | <0.001 |
| Pulse <60 bpm, % (n) | 17.3 (37) | 31.7 (641) | <0.001 |
| Mechanism of injury, % (n) | |||
| Penetrating | 84 (179) | 53.3 (1075) | <0.001 |
| GSW | 56.4 (101) | 81.4 (874) | |
| Stab | 43.6 (78) | 18.6 (201) | |
| Blunt | 16 (34) | 46.7 (941) | |
| LOMI, % (n) | |||
| Isolated thorax | 37.1 (79) | 49.5 (995) | 0.003 |
| Isolated abdominal | 12.2 (26) | 10.5 (213) | |
| Multiple injuries | 50.7 (108) | 40.0 (808) | |
| Injury severity and pattern | |||
| ISS, median (IQR) | 25 (10-58) | 22 (10-41) | <0.001 |
| ISS ≥16, % (n) | 63.9 (135) | 66.7 (1346) | 0.32 |
| Thoracic-AIS, median (IQR) | 4 (3-6) | 3 (3-6) | 0.63 |
| Abdominal-AIS, median (IQR) | 3 (3-5) | 3 (3-5) | 0.25 |
| Neck-AIS, median (IQR) | 3 (3-5) | 3 (3-5) | 0.15 |
| SOL, % (n) | 92.0 (196) | 80.3 (1620) | <0.001 |
| Prehospital CPR | 25.4 (54) | 37.1 (748) | <0.001 |
| ED disposition, % (n) | |||
| Died | 1.9 (4) | 26.9 (544) | <0.001 |
| Operating room | 86.9 (185) | 66.5 (1340) |
AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale Score; bpm,beats per minute; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ED, emergency department; EMS, emergency medical service; GSW, gunshot wound; ISS, Injury Severity Score; LOMI, location of major injury; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SI, Shock Index; SOL, signs of life.