Comparison of outcome measures in the matched sample
| No antibiotics* | Antibiotics* | P value† | |
| n=272 | n=272 | ||
| Empyema | 4 (1.5) | 6 (2.2) | 0.75 |
| Pneumonia | 27 (9.9) | 42 (15.4) | 0.07 |
| ICULOS | 2 (0,6) | 3 (0, 9) | 0.02 |
| Hospital LOS | 7 (4,14) | 8 (4,16) | 0.31 |
| Ventilation days | 0 (0,3) | 1 (0,5) | 0.08 |
| Death | 29 (10.7) | 24 (8.8) | 0.58 |
| Death or pneumonia | 54 (19.9) | 61 (22.4) | 0.52 |
| Clostridium difficile colitis | 3 (1.1) | 2 (0.7) | >0.99 |
*Count (percentage) for binary outcomes and median (IQR) for count outcomes.
†McNemar’s test for binary outcomes and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for count outcomes.
ICU, intensive care unit length of stay.