Table 1

Criteria for organ dysfunction by the Proulx et al definition22 25 26

Organ system	Criteria for dysfunction
Cardiovascular	Hypotension Systolic BP <40 mm Hg for patients younger than 12 months Systolic BP <50 mm Hg for patients 12 months or older Bradycardia or tachycardia Heart rate <50 or>220 beats/min in patients younger than 12 months Heart rate <40 or>200 beats/min in patients 12 months or older Cardiac arrest Serum pH <7.2 with normal arterial carbon dioxide level Continuous IV infusion of inotropic agents to maintain BP and/or cardiac output
Respiratory	Tachypnea Respiratory rate >90 breaths/min for patients younger than 12 months Respiratory rate >70 breaths/min for patients 12 months or older PaCO₂ of >65 mm Hg PaO₂ of <40 mm Hg Ratio of PaO₂ to fraction of inspired oxygen <200 in the absence of cyanotic congenital heart disease
Neurologic	Glasgow Coma Score <5 Fixed dilated pupils
Renal	Serum blood urea nitrogen ≥100 mg/dL Serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL Dialysis or hemofiltration
Hepatic	Total bilirubin level >3 mg/dL
Gastrointestinal	Evidence of gastroduodenal bleeding resulting in (1) a drop in hemoglobin of ≥2 g/dL over 24 hours, (2) blood transfusion, or (3) hypotension with BP less than third percentile for age

MODS was defined as new organ dysfunction of two or more organ systems or progressive organ dysfunction of one organ system in addition to one already dysfunctional organ system determined each of the 6 days following day 1 of trauma.22 25 26
BP, blood pressure; IV, Intravenous; MODS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; PaCO2, Partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; PaO2, Partial pressure of arterial oxygen.