Demographics by study period
| Covariate, % (n) | Prepandemic March 11, 2019–June 30, 2019 n=3862 | Pandemic March 11, 2020–June 30, 2020 n=3446 | P value |
| Mean (SD) age, years | 54.4 (22) | 53.9 (21) | 0.32 |
| Female sex | 42.0 (1621) | 41.4 (1427) | 0.63 |
| White race | 75.8 (2926) | 74.7 (2575) | 0.43 |
| Full/partial trauma activation | 16.0 (619) | 16.3 (560) | 0.80 |
| ED disposition: operating room | 9.6 (371) | 10.0 (344) | 0.59 |
| ED SBP <90 mm Hg | 4.3 (164) | 4.7 (163) | 0.32 |
| Injury severity score ≥16 | 17.7 (685) | 18.1 (625) | 0.66 |
| Severe injury, AIS ≥3 | |||
| Head trauma | 14.9 (575) | 15.6 (539) | 0.37 |
| Thoracic trauma | 13.0 (503) | 13.7 (471) | 0.42 |
| Abdomen/pelvic trauma | 3.2 (125) | 3.3 (114) | 0.86 |
| Upper extremity trauma | 1.2 (45) | 1.6 (55) | 0.11 |
| Lower extremity trauma | 18.1 (698) | 18.8 (647) | 0.44 |
| In-hospital mortality | 3.2 (125) | 4.7 (163) | 0.001 |
| Hospital LOS, median (IQR) | 3 (1.2–6) | 3 (1–5) | 0.02 |
| ICU LOS, median (IQR) | 2 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 0.002 |
Bolding denotes statistical significance with p<0.05.
AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; SBP, systolic blood pressure.;