Association between Δ hemoglobin (∆Hb) levels and clinical variables
| Variables | ∆Hb ≤−3.0 (n=36) | −3.0 < ∆Hb ≤−2.0 (n=36) | −2.0 < ∆Hb ≤−1.0 (n=69) | ∆Hb >−1.0 (n=109) | P value |
| Age, years | 54.0 (37.8, 64.0) | 50.0 (38.0, 61.3) | 47.0 (28.0, 60.0) | 41.0 (30.0, 57.0) | 0.07 |
| Male, n (%) | 27 (75.0) | 30 (83.3) | 52 (75.4) | 74 (67.9) | 0.30 |
| Blunt injury, n (%) | 34 (94.4) | 33 (91.7) | 66 (95.7) | 107 (98.2) | 0.34 |
| HR, beats/min | 99 (83, 115) | 100 (80, 116) | 85 (74, 94) | 90 (75, 105) | 0.02 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 96 (76, 137) | 120 (96, 153) | 121 (100, 147) | 137 (115, 158) | <0.01 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 60 (38, 86) | 79 (58, 97) | 71 (60, 86) | 85 (71, 100) | <0.01 |
| RR, breaths/min | 23 (20, 28) | 21 (17, 27) | 22 (18, 27) | 22 (19, 26) | 0.66 |
| pH | 7.38 (7.31, 7.42) | 7.40 (7.32, 7.42) | 7.39 (7.35, 7.42) | 7.39 (7.35, 7.42) | 0.82 |
| Lac, mmol/L | 3.2 (2.5, 6.0) | 3.3 (1.7, 4.5) | 2.7 (1.9, 4.1) | 2.7 (1.6, 3.7) | 0.07 |
| ISS | 25 (16, 33) | 23 (13, 34) | 22 (13, 27) | 18 (11, 26) | 0.19 |
| RTS | 7.11 (5.67, 7.84) | 7.11 (6.06, 7.84) | 7.84 (6.90, 7.84) | 7.84 (7.11, 7.84) | <0.01 |
| Ps | 0.93 (0.65, 0.97) | 0.94 (0.72, 0.98) | 0.95 (0.86, 0.98) | 0.97 (0.92, 0.99) | 0.01 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 7 (19.4) | 6 (16.7) | 5 (7.2) | 5 (4.6) | 0.02 |
| Interventions, n (%) | 15 (41.7) | 14 (38.9) | 15 (21.7) | 23 (21.1) | 0.02 |
Continuous variables are indicated as median (IQR).
DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; ISS, Injury Severity Score; Lac, lactate; Ps, probability of survival; RR, respiratory rate; RTS, revised trauma score; SBP, systolic blood pressure.