Overall characteristics of gunshot wound admissions by COVID-19 time period
| Characteristics, n (%) | Period 1, 147 (4%) | Period 2, 184 (6%) | P value |
| Sex, (male) | 118 (80) | 156 (83) | 0.46 |
| Race (white) (missing 29) | 0.54 | ||
| White | 56 (42) | 62 (36) | |
| Black | 68 (51) | 92 (54) | |
| Other | 10 (7) | 17 (10) | |
| Age, median (IQR) years | 31 (23–44) | 29 (23–39) | 0.11 |
| Age range, years | 0.66 | ||
| 18–30 | 73 (50) | 102 (55) | |
| 31–50 | 54 (37) | 67 (36) | |
| 51–70 | 18 (12) | 16 (9) | |
| ≥71 | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | |
| Injury location | |||
| Unspecified place/unknown | 47 (32) | 58 (31) | 0.85 |
| Public | 34 (23) | 47 (25) | 0.67 |
| Residential | 47 (32) | 57 (30) | 0.77 |
| Car | 13 (9) | 7 (4) | 0.05 |
| Other | 6 (4) | 18 (10) | 0.05 |
| Characterization of injury | |||
| Unintentional/accidental | 19 (13) | 26 (14) | 0.75 |
| Self-harm | 10 (7) | 16 (9) | 0.52 |
| Domestic violence | 3 (4) | 4 (4) | >0.99 |
| Police | 3 (2) | 2 (1) | 0.66 |
| Other intentional crime | 115 (78) | 140 (76) | 0.64 |
| Injury Severity Score | 0.55 | ||
| 1–9 | 81 (55) | 114 (61) | |
| 10–15 | 21 (14) | 22 (12) | |
| ≥16 | 35 (31) | 51 (27) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Mental illness | 7 (5) | 21 (11) | 0.03 |
| Alcoholism | 3 (2) | 19 (10) | 0.003 |
| Substance abuse | 16 (11) | 46 (25) | 0.001 |
| Smoker | 71 (48) | 108 (59) | 0.06 |
| Hypertension | 11 (7) | 13 (7) | 0.88 |
| State | |||
| Colorado | 20 (14) | 28 (15) | 0.72 |
| Texas | 22 (15) | 41 (22) | 0.11 |
| Missouri | 74 (50) | 90 (48) | 0.69 |
| Kansas | 31 (21) | 28 (15) | 0.15 |
| Average monthly firearm sales by state | |||
| Colorado | 39 484 (5309) | 61 390 (12 766) | 0.02 |
| Texas | 114 173 (18 100) | 219 495 (41 508) | 0.003 |
| Missouri | 38 525 (8736) | 64 775 (8996) | 0.01 |
| Kansas | 12 862 (3044) | 22 918 (4873) | 0.01 |
| HLOS | 3 (1–7) | 4 (1–8) | 0.54 |
| ICULOS | 2 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | 0.39 |
| In-hospital mortality | 21 (14) | 13 (7) | 0.03 |
Period 1: March 16, 2019–June 30, 2019; period 2: March 16, 2020–June 30, 2020.
Bolded p-values indiciate statistical signifiance at p≤0.05.
HLOS, hospital length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, Interquartile range.