Background factors of early anastomosis and delayed anastomosis in DCL patients
| DCL-early anastomosis (16) | DCL-delay anastomosis (21) | P value* | |
| Age (years) | 65.6±20.1 | 57.8±19.1 | 0.104 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 8 (50%) | 12 (57%) | 0.6658 |
| Cause of surgery | 0.0063 | ||
| Trauma | 5 (31%) | 16 (76%) | |
| Colon injury | 1 (20%) | 12 (75%) | 0.0271 |
| Lower gastrointestinal perforation | 11 (69%) | 5 (24%) | |
| Injury Severity Score | 28.6±11.4 | 27.0±10.2 | 0.8042 |
| APACHE Ⅱ score | 28.8±7.6 | 25.0±6.4 | 0.1445 |
| Surgery start time | |||
| 08:00–19:00 | 9 (56%) | 18 (86%) | 0.0456 |
| 20:00–07:00 | 7 (44%) | 3 (14%) | |
| Surgery day | |||
| Weekday | 14 (88%) | 17 (81%) | 0.6796 |
| Weekend | 2 (12%) | 4 (19%) | |
| Pre-initial surgery | |||
| Temperature (℃) | 37.0±0.9 | 36.6±1.2 | 0.1323 |
| Mean pressure | 98.0±11.8 | 84.9±23.3 | 0.0573 |
| pH | 7.39±0.09 | 7.39±0.06 | 0.7129 |
| Base excess (mmol/L) | –1.96±4.2 | –2.44±4.8 | 0.2695 |
| INR | 1.20±0.3 | 1.13±0.21 | 0.7381 |
| Alb (g/dL) | 3.43±0.8 | 3.42±0.8 | 0.9143 |
| Cre (mg/dL) | 1.17±1.8 | 1.18±0.8 | 0.0399 |
| Post-initial surgery | |||
| Alb (g/dL) | 2.00±0.4 | 2.30±0.6 | 0.1274 |
| Cre (mg/dL) | 1.18±1.7 | 0.96±0.7 | 0.7944 |
| 48 hours after initial surgery | |||
| Alb (g/dL) | 2.05±0.3 | 2.38±0.4 | 0.0194 |
| Cre (mg/dL) | 1.31±1.7 | 1.12±0.7 | 0.5295 |
| Duration of initial surgery (min) | 172.2±48.3 | 108.9±31.4 | 0.0001 |
| Trauma | 151.0±47.1 | 108.5±32.4 | 0.0474 |
| Lower gastrointestinal perforation | 181.9±47.7 | 110.2±31.4 | 0.0149 |
| Bleeding during initial surgery (mL) | 547.1±582.5 | 2294.0±2391.1 | 0.0553 |
| Trauma | 1096.8±778.6 | 2991.3±2333.4 | 0.0829 |
| Lower gastrointestinal perforation | 297.2±216.2 | 62.8±29.0 | 0.0234 |
| Red blood cell transfusions (mL) | 105.0±231.4 | 478.0±604.7 | 0.018 |
| Up to 48 hours after the initial surgery | |||
| Total crystalloid administration (mL) | 10557.7±2870.9 | 12493.1±5297.0 | 0.2318 |
| Total NPWT output (mL) | 1255.0±588.4 | 1208.1±614.5 | 0.7128 |
| Total urine output (mL) | 3305.4±2009.1 | 3220.3±1823.3 | 0.9145 |
| OA duration (day) | 5.4±2.6 | 3.9±3.3 | 0.0301 |
| Vasopressor infusion | 6 (38%) | 8 (38%) | 0.9705 |
| Alb administration | 10 (63%) | 15 (71%) | 0.5654 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 3 (19%) | 7 (33%) | 0.3224 |
| PMX-DHP | 8 (50%) | 6 (29%) | 0.183 |
| Postoperative complications | |||
| Surgical site infection | 5 (31%) | 10 (48%) | 0.315 |
| Adhesive intestinal obstruction | 1 (6%) | 2 (10%) | 0.7178 |
| Anastomotic leak | 1 (6%) | 1 (5%) | 0.8428 |
| Death within 28 days | 1 (6%) | 0 | 0.2455 |
Data presented as mean±SD or number of patients with percentage.
*Wilcoxon rank-sum test or Χ2 test.
Alb, albumin; APACHE Ⅱ, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ; Cre, creatinine; DCL, damage control laparotomy; INR, international normalized ratio; NPWT, negative-pressure wound therapy; OA, open abdomen; PMX-DHP, direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber.