Elsevier

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

Volume 64, Issue 12, September 2012, Pages 1063-1077
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

Demineralized bone matrix in bone repair: History and use

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.06.008Get rights and content

Abstract

Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is an osteoconductive and osteoinductive commercial biomaterial and approved medical device used in bone defects with a long track record of clinical use in diverse forms. True to its name and as an acid-extracted organic matrix from human bone sources, DBM retains much of the proteinaceous components native to bone, with small amounts of calcium-based solids, inorganic phosphates and some trace cell debris. Many of DBM's proteinaceous components (e.g., growth factors) are known to be potent osteogenic agents. Commercially sourced as putty, paste, sheets and flexible pieces, DBM provides a degradable matrix facilitating endogenous release of these compounds to the bone wound sites where it is surgically placed to fill bone defects, inducing new bone formation and accelerating healing. Given DBM's long clinical track record and commercial accessibility in standard forms and sources, opportunities to further develop and validate DBM as a versatile bone biomaterial in orthopedic repair and regenerative medicine contexts are attractive.

Keywords

Demineralized bone matrix
DBM
Bone graft
Growth factors
Bone regeneration
Osteoinductive

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This review is part of the Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews theme issue on “Targeted delivery of therapeutics to bone and connective tissues”.

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