Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is a complicated mixture of approximately 90% lipids and 10%
proteins. It plays an important role in maintaining normal respiratory mechanics by reducing …

Synapses are the fundamental units of neuronal circuits. Synaptic plasticity can occur through
changes in synaptic strength, as well as through the addition/removal of synapses. Two-…

Bone regeneration is an interdisciplinary complex lesson, including but not limited to materials
science, biomechanics, immunology, and biology. Having witnessed impressive progress …

Parenchymal microglia are the principal immune cells of the brain. Time-lapse two-photon
imaging of GFP-labeled microglia demonstrates that the fine termini of microglial processes …

Novel motor skills are learned through repetitive practice and, once acquired, persist long
after training stops 1 , 2 . Earlier studies have shown that such learning induces an increase in …

Many lines of evidence suggest that memory in the mammalian brain is stored with distinct
spatiotemporal patterns 1 , 2 . Despite recent progresses in identifying neuronal populations …

THE protein Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is essential for a variety of patterning events during
development. It is the signal from the notochord that induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube …

In this study, we prepared nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide (n-HA/PA) composite scaffolds
utilizing thermally induced phase inversion processing technique. The macrostructure and …

A series of acceptor–donor–acceptor simple oligomer-like small molecules based on
oligothiophenes, namely, DRCN4T–DRCN9T, were designed and synthesized. Their optical, …

Synapse formation and elimination occur throughout life, but the magnitude of such changes
at distinct developmental stages remains unclear. Using transgenic mice overexpressing …