Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Derivation of the study sample from the standardized regional data in the Nagasaki medical region.
- Figure 2
Serial changes in morality. Black line represents overall mortality. *p<0.05 versus mortality of 2007–2011 by multivariable logistic regression model. NUH, transported to Nagasaki University Hospital; non-NUH, transported to non-Nagasaki University Hospital.
- Figure 3
ORs of death in each year as a reference with pre-EMC&TC period. A significant difference is recognized from fiscal year 2013. *p<0.05 versus mortality of 2007–2011 by multivariable logistic regression model.
Tables
- Table 1
Outcome 1 week after injury
Fiscal year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Outcome Returned home 230 219 232 265 229 273 314 284 307 319 Hospitalization 1006 1054 1127 1323 1312 1385 1553 1624 1456 1398 Discharged 137 153 177 204 153 149 131 187 213 219 Transferred to a higher level medical institution 37 25 38 35 53 57 48 36 50 67 Transferred to other institution 48 45 41 49 70 74 94 69 83 78 Death in the ER 22 18 27 25 19 22 11 15 17 8 Death after hospitalization 12 12 16 11 15 18 12 11 12 12 Number of death All 34 30 43 36 34 40 23 26 29 20 Traumatic intracranial hemorrhage 11 12 12 15 13 11 9 15 10 10 Cardiovascular and lung injury 5 1 4 4 3 8 4 3 6 4 Abdominal organ injury 0 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 Pelvic fracture 1 0 3 1 0 0 2 2 3 0 Proximal femur fracture 2 0 3 1 2 3 3 0 0 1 Other fracture 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 Severe multiple trauma 14 11 19 10 13 12 4 4 7 4 Spinal cord injury 1 4 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 NUH 16 8 13 12 11 22 13 15 13 9 Non-NUH 18 22 30 24 23 18 10 11 16 11 Age 0–14 years 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Age 15–64 years 19 16 24 15 16 19 8 10 15 10 Age>64 years 15 14 19 20 18 21 15 16 14 10 Mortality (%) All 2.3 2 2.6 1.9 1.8 2 1.1* 1.2* 1.4* 1* NUH 17.4 9 18.6 9.4 7.6 14.8 8.2 10.9 10.3 7.6 Non-NUH 1.3 1.5 1.9 1.3 1.3 1 0.5* 0.5* 0.8* 0.6* Age 0–14 years 0 0 0 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Age 15–64 years 3.9 3.3 4.7 2.8 3.1 3.6 1.5* 1.9 3 2.1 Age>64 years 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.5 1 1 0.9* 0.6* We did not analyze patients aged 0–14 years old because the number of deaths was 0 except for 2010.
*p<0.05 versus mortality for years 2007–2011 by multivariable logistic regression model.
NUH, transported to Nagasaki University Hospital; non-NUH, transported to non-Nagasaki Univeristy Hospital.
- Table 2
Results of logistic regression model
Variables OR (95% CI) P value All patients Year 2007–2011 Reference 2012 0.953 (0.637 to 1.427) 0.815 2013 0.528 (0.326 to 0.854) 0.009 2014 0.512 (0.321 to 0.817) 0.005 2015 0.618 (0.394 to 0.967) 0.035 2016 0.502 (0.303 to 0.832) 0.008 Age 1.006 (1.000 to 1.013) 0.068 Sex Male Reference Female 0.951 (0.721 to 1.253) 0.720 Site Non-NUH Reference NUH 2.945 (2.195 to 3.950) <0.001 Disease Proximal femur fracture Reference Traumatic intracranial hemorrhage 16.361 (9.347 to 28.640) <0.001 Cardiovascular and lung injury 44.628 (23.362 to 85.253) <0.001 Abdominal organ injury 30.200 (13.561 to 67.255) <0.001 Pelvic fracture 3.676 (1.706 to 7.919) 0.001 Other fracture 0.144 (0.056 to 0.375) <0.001 Severe multiple trauma 180.940 (96.494 to 339.286) <0.001 Spinal cord injury 6.181 (2.593 to 14.732) <0.001 Time from emergencycall toarriveat hospital 0.997 (0.990 to 1.005) 0.505 *Subgroup analyses Age 15–64 years 2007–2011 Reference 2012 0.963 (0.574 to 1.616) 0.885 2013 0.408 (0.195 to 0.855) 0.018 2014 0.539 (0.275 to 1.057) 0.072 2015 0.946 (0.533 to 1.677) 0.849 2016 0.643 (0.327 to 1.265) 0.201 Age >64 years 2007–2011 Reference 2012 0.969 (0.555 to 1.691) 0.911 2013 0.600 (0.329 to 1.094) 0.096 2014 0.589 (0.326 to 1.066) 0.080 2015 0.528 (0.285 to 0.978) 0.042 2016 0.482 (0.241 to 0.963) 0.039 Each OR refers to mortality.
*For those under 15 years old, we did not analyze because death number was 0 except for 2010.
NUH, transported to Nagasaki University Hospital; non-NUH, transported to non-Nagasaki University Hospital.
Supplementary data
Supplementary data
